Math · Fractions

How to Add Fractions
Same & Different Denominators — Step by Step

Learn how to add fractions step by step: same denominators (easy) and different denominators (find LCM). With 20 solved examples and common mistakes.

⚡ RESPUESTA RÁPIDA

Same denominator: add numerators, keep denominator. 2/7+3/7=5/7. Different denominators: find LCM, convert, then add. 1/3+1/4: LCM=12, 4/12+3/12=7/12.

Method 1 — Same Denominator (Easy)

Just add the numerators3/8 + 2/8 = (3+2)/8 = 5/8. The denominator stays the same.
Simplify if possible4/6 + 2/6 = 6/6 = 1. Always check if the result simplifies.
1/5+2/5
3/5
3/8+2/8
5/8
4/9+3/9
7/9
2/7+4/7
6/7
5/12+4/12
9/12=3/4
7/10+1/10
8/10=4/5

Method 2 — Different Denominators (Find LCM)

Find the LCM of the denominators1/3 + 1/4: multiples of 3: 3,6,9,12... multiples of 4: 4,8,12... LCM=12.
Convert both fractions1/3: multiply top and bottom by 4 → 4/12. 1/4: multiply by 3 → 3/12.
Add and simplify4/12 + 3/12 = 7/12. GCD(7,12)=1, already simplified.
1/2+1/3
5/6
3/4+1/6
11/12
2/5+3/4
23/20
1/4+1/8
3/8
5/6+1/4
13/12
2/3+3/5
19/15
1/3+1/4+1/6
3/4
7/8+1/4
9/8=1⅛
1/2+2/3+1/6
1+1/3
3/10+2/5
7/10

Adding Mixed Numbers

Convert to improper fractions first1½ + 2⅓: convert → 3/2 + 7/3. LCM=6. 9/6+14/6=23/6=3⅚.
Or add whole numbers and fractions separately1+2=3 (whole parts). ½+⅓=5/6 (fraction parts). Total: 3+5/6=3⅚.

Preguntas Frecuentes

Why can't I add 1/2+1/3 and get 2/5?

Because the denominators represent the size of each piece. Halves and thirds are different sized pieces. You must find a common piece size (the LCM) first.

When is the LCM just the product of the denominators?

When the denominators share no common factors. LCM(3,4)=12=3×4. But LCM(4,6)=12≠24 because they share factor 2.

How do I add more than two fractions?

Same method: find LCM of all denominators at once, convert all fractions, then add all numerators.

Why You Cannot Add 1/2 + 1/3 Directly

1/2 — cut in 2 equal pieces 1/3 — cut in 3 equal pieces (different size!) Different sized pieces → cannot add directly!
1
Find the LCM of denominators1/2+1/3: LCM(2,3)=6. Multiples of 2: 2,4,6. Multiples of 3: 3,6. LCM=6.
2
Convert both fractions to the same denominator1/2: multiply top and bottom by 3 → 3/6. 1/3: multiply by 2 → 2/6. Now pieces are the same size!
3
Add the numerators, keep the denominator3/6+2/6=(3+2)/6=5/6. Never add denominators.
4
Simplify if possible5/6: GCD(5,6)=1. Already in simplest form.

Adding Mixed Numbers — Step by Step

1
Method 1: Convert to improper fractions1½+2⅓ → 3/2+7/3. LCM=6. 9/6+14/6=23/6=3⅚.
2
Method 2: Add whole and fraction parts separatelyWhole: 1+2=3. Fractions: ½+⅓=5/6. Total: 3⅚. Same result!
1/2+1/3
5/6
3/4+1/6
11/12
2/5+3/4
23/20
1/4+1/8
3/8
5/6+1/4
13/12
2/3+3/5
19/15
1/3+1/4+1/6
3/4
7/8+1/4
9/8=1⅛
1½+2⅓
3⅚
2¾+1⅛
3⅞
3+½+¼
1⅓+1⅓
2⅔

Quick Reference — Common LCMs

DenominatorsLCMExample
2 and 361/2+1/3=5/6
2 and 441/2+1/4=3/4
3 and 4121/3+1/4=7/12
4 and 6123/4+1/6=11/12
5 and 4202/5+3/4=23/20

Preguntas Frecuentes

What is the fastest way to find the LCM?

For two small numbers: list multiples of the larger one until the smaller one divides it. For larger numbers: use prime factorization.

What if I multiply the denominators instead of finding LCM?

It works but gives bigger numbers to simplify later. 1/4+1/6: denominators product=24. LCM=12. Both give 5/12, but LCM is simpler.

How do I add three fractions?

Find the LCM of all three denominators at once, convert all fractions, then add all numerators.

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